Biltong stands as a favored snack hailing from Southern African nations like South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, and Zambia. This treat takes the shape of dried, preserved meat that undergoes marination in vinegar and a blend of spices prior to being air-dried. Various types of meat produce biltong, ranging from beef to game meats such as ostrich or kudu.
Biltong is a high-protein snack low in fat and carbs, making it a popular choice for health-conscious individuals. It is also a great iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 source. Biltong is typically sliced into thin strips and enjoyed as a snack or an ingredient in dishes such as salads, sandwiches, and stews.
While biltong is most commonly associated with Southern African cuisine, it has recently gained popularity in other parts of the world. The distinct taste and texture have established it as a beloved choice among aficionados of snacks. Presently, it enjoys extensive accessibility through specialty food emporiums and online merchants.
History of Biltong
Biltong is a type of dried, cured meat originating in Southern African countries such as South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, and Zambia. The word “biltong” is derived from an Afrikaans amalgamation of two Dutch words – “bil,” which means rump, buttock, or hindquarter, and “tong,” which means strip or tongue. So, the dictionary definition of biltong is “lean meat which is salted and dried in strips” [1].
Origins
Biltong has a rich history that dates back centuries. Humanity has endeavored to preserve meat for centuries, and the indigenous people of Southern Africa were no exception. They sliced their meat, cured it with salt, and dried it. The meat was then eaten as a snack or used for sustenance during long journeys. The Dutch settlers who arrived in Southern Africa in the 17th century quickly adopted preserving meat, and biltong became a staple food in their diet [2].
Evolution
Over time, the process of making biltong has evolved. While the traditional method of making biltong involves air-drying the meat, modern technology has made it possible to produce biltong using electric dehydrators. Today, biltong is made using various types of meat, ranging from beef to game meats such as ostrich or kudu. It is also available in various flavors, including chili, garlic, and peri-peri [1].
Despite its humble origins, biltong has become a popular snack food worldwide. With its elevated protein content and low fat composition, biltong emerges as a health-conscious snacking option. Beyond its nutritional merits, its distinctive flavor and texture have rendered it a preferred choice for both culinary enthusiasts and connoisseurs of snacks. Whether enjoyed as a snack or as a source of sustenance during long journeys, biltong remains an integral part of Southern African culture [3].
[2] Freddy Hirsch
[3] Biltong Makers
Biltong Making Process
Ingredients
To make biltong, you will need the following ingredients:
- 2 kg of good quality meat, such as silverside or topside
- 100 ml of brown sugar
- 30 ml of coarse salt
- 15 ml of bicarbonate soda (to soften the meat)
- 125 ml of crushed coriander seeds
- 125 ml of red wine vinegar
- 1 tbsp of cracked black pepper
- 1 tbsp of paprika or chilli flakes
Preparation
- Cut the meat into 2 cm wide and 5 cm long strips.
- Mix the brown sugar, coarse salt, bicarbonate soda, crushed coriander seeds, red wine vinegar, cracked black pepper, and paprika or chilli flakes in a large bowl.
- Add the meat strips to the bowl and mix well so that the meat is coated with the marinade.
- Cover the bowl with cling film and leave it in the fridge to marinate for at least 4 hours or overnight for best results.
Drying
- Remove the meat strips from the marinade and pat them dry with paper towels.
- Hang the meat strips on hooks or skewers, ensuring they are not touching each other.
- Place the meat in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
- Leave the meat to dry for 3-5 days, depending on the strips’ thickness and the air’s humidity. The biltong is ready when it is dry to the touch but still slightly soft in the middle.
- Once the biltong is dry, please remove it from the hooks or skewers and store it in an airtight container.
Making biltong may seem tedious, but it is worth the effort for the delicious, protein-packed snack you will have at the end.
Types of Biltong
Biltong is a popular South African snack that is enjoyed by many around the world. It is a dried meat snack made by marinating the meat in vinegar and spices before being air-dried. There are two main types of biltong: traditional and flavored.
Traditional
Traditional biltong is made from strips of marinated beef that are air-dried and cured with a blend of spices. The meat is usually cut from high-quality cuts of beef, such as silverside, topside, or rump. The marination process can take up to 24 hours, and the meat is then hung up to dry for several days until it is completely dried out.
Flavored
Flavored biltong is made in the same way as traditional biltong but with different flavors. The flavors can be added during the marination process or after the meat has been dried. Some popular flavors include chili, garlic, and peri-peri.
Flavored biltong can also be made with different types of meat. For example, ostrich biltong is a popular alternative to beef biltong. Other types of meat that can be used include game meats like kudu, springbok, wildebeest, chicken, and fish.
Overall, biltong is a delicious and healthy snack that anyone can enjoy. Whether you prefer traditional or flavored biltong, there is a type of biltong for everyone.
Health Benefits of Biltong
Biltong is a popular South African snack made from dried and cured meat. It is an excellent source of protein and essential vitamins and minerals while low in carbs. Here are some of the health benefits of biltong:
Nutritional Value
Biltong is abundant in protein, a vital component for constructing and mending tissues within the body. A 25-gram lean beef biltong can provide up to 20 grams of protein. It is also a good source of iron, which is essential for producing red blood cells and preventing anemia. Biltong also stands out as a valuable reservoir of vitamin B12, contributing to the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells.
Dietary Advantages
Biltong is a healthier snack option compared to other snacks like chips and chocolates. It boasts fewer kilojoules compared to the typical snacks one tends to gravitate towards for a delectable nibble. The reason for that is that biltong is low in carbohydrates and fat. It is also low in calories since it contains mainly protein, which doesn’t leave much room for calories.
According to a study published in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, biltong can enhance exercise performance. The study found that biltong consumption before and after exercise improved muscle recovery, reduced muscle damage, and increased muscle protein synthesis.
Overall, biltong is a healthy snack option with numerous health benefits. It is an excellent source of protein and essential vitamins and minerals while low in carbs. Incorporating biltong into a balanced diet can help improve overall health and well-being.
Culinary Uses of Biltong
Biltong is a versatile food that can be used in various culinary applications. Here are some ways to use biltong in the kitchen:
As a Snack
The most common way to eat biltong is as a snack. It can be eaten independently or with snacks like cheese, crackers, or nuts. Biltong is a great snack option for those looking for a high-protein, low-carb snack.
In Salads
Biltong can be a great addition to salads. It adds a unique flavor and texture to salads and can replace other proteins like chicken or beef. Biltong pairs well with various salad greens and can be used in green and grain salads.
In Sandwiches
Biltong can be used in sandwiches in place of other meats like ham or turkey. It adds a unique flavor and texture to sandwiches and pairs well with various breads and toppings. Biltong can also be used in wraps or pitas.
In Pasta Dishes
Biltong can be used in pasta dishes instead of other meats like chicken or beef. It adds a unique flavor and texture to pasta dishes and pairs well with various sauces and shapes. Biltong can be used in both hot and cold pasta dishes.
In Marinades and Rubs
Biltong can be used in marinades and rubs for other meats. Biltong spice blends make excellent marinades for various types of meat. Mix the spice blend with oil, and marinate chicken, beef, or lamb. Biltong spice blends can also be used as a rub or seasoning for roasted meats.
Biltong is a versatile food that can be used in various culinary applications. Its unique flavor and texture make it a great addition to various dishes.
Biltong vs. Jerky
Biltong and jerky are often compared as they are both dried meat snacks. However, there are several differences between the two.
Ingredients
Both biltong and jerky are made from beef, but the cuts used for each differ. Jerky is made from lean cuts, while biltong allows for more versatility. Biltong cuts can be lean or fatty, depending on the desired texture. Biltong is typically marinated in vinegar, salt, and spices before drying, while jerky is typically marinated in a mixture of salt, sugar, and spices.
Texture
The texture of biltong and jerky also differs. Biltong is air-dried and has a softer texture than jerky, typically dried in a dehydrator or oven, and has a more rigid, chewier texture.
Taste
The taste of biltong and jerky also varies. Biltong has a tangy, slightly sour taste due to the vinegar used in the marinade, while jerky tends to have a smokier flavor due to the way it’s cooked.
Nutrition
In terms of nutrition, biltong is generally considered to be a healthier option than jerky. Biltong is high in protein and low in fat, while jerky can be high in sodium and preservatives.
While biltong and jerky are both dried meat snacks, they differ in ingredients, texture, taste, and nutrition.
Biltong in Popular Culture
Biltong, a traditional Southern African cured meat snack, has become a popular food item in Africa and around the world. The popularity of biltong has grown so much that it has made its way into popular culture, appearing in TV shows, movies, and even video games.
TV and Movies
In the popular TV show “The Walking Dead,” biltong is mentioned by one of the characters as a type of food they used to eat before the zombie apocalypse. In the movie “District 9,” the main character is seen eating biltong as a snack while working. These references to biltong in popular media have helped to spread awareness of this traditional African snack to a broader audience.
Video Games
Biltong has even made its way into the world of video games. In the popular game “Far Cry 2,” players can find and eat biltong to restore their health. In the game “The Sims 3,” biltong is listed as a food item that can be cooked and eaten by the player’s character.
Celebrity Endorsements
Biltong has also gained attention from celebrities who have endorsed the snack. In 2021, British actor and comedian Stephen Fry tweeted about his love for biltong, saying it was his “favorite snack.” This tweet helped to bring even more attention to biltong and its unique flavor.
Biltong has become a popular food item that has entered popular culture. The exceptional flavor and texture have positioned it as a cherished snack among a global audience.
Biltong Market Trends
Biltong is a popular dried meat snack that originated in South Africa. Over the years, it has gained popularity worldwide, and its market has grown steadily. This section will discuss some of the current market trends in the biltong industry.
Increasing Demand
Biltong’s popularity has been on the rise in recent years and is expected to continue growing. As outlined in a Meately report, the worldwide biltong market was approximated to reach R2.5 billion in size during 2015, and its growth has been consistent at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.5% from that point onward. The report underscores biltong’s appeal, attributing its popularity to its nutritional benefits, convenience, and adaptability.
Consumer Preferences
Consumers’ preferences for biltong vary depending on the region. In South Africa, consumers prefer their biltong to be juicy, while in the United States, they prefer their jerky to have some moisture. As per a study conducted by Nortje et al., it is indicated that consumers display a preference for biltong featuring heightened moisture levels. However, empirical consumer research fails to corroborate this finding.
Geographical Indication
Biltong is strategically important to the South African economy, and there have been calls for it to be granted a geographical indication (GI). A Geographical Indication (GI) is a designation applied to products originating from a particular geographical area, indicating that these items possess distinct qualities or a reputation intrinsic to that specific origin. According to an article by Farmers Weekly, Biltong’s annual turnover in South Africa was estimated to be around R2.4 billion in 2018. Granting biltong a GI would protect the product’s unique qualities and reputation and benefit the producers economically.
In conclusion, the biltong market has been growing steadily, and its popularity is expected to continue to rise. Consumers’ preferences for biltong vary depending on the region, and there have been calls for it to be granted a geographical indication to protect its unique qualities and reputation.
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